RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous follicle that affects many teenagers and young people. There is an obvious need for topical treatments with good tolerability and efficacy for the management of acne lesions. OBJECTIVE: This study determined the therapeutic efficacy of topical sodium hypochlorite solution (0.005%) in the treatment of mild to moderate acne lesions. METHODS: This placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial compared 0.005% sodium hypochlorite to placebo administered topically on each side of the patients' faces 3 times a day for 1 month. The numbers of papules and pustules were recorded at baseline, 1, 2 and 4 weeks after initiation. RESULTS: The total number of papules and pustules decreased after topical application of sodium hypochlorite 0.005% for 1 month. CONCLUSIONS: Topical sodium hypochlorite solution (0.005%) can be effective in the treatment of mild to moderate acne, and its clinical efficacy was evaluated between the male and female groups and between the hormonal and non-hormonal ones. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Our study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with the code number IRCT20200701047976N1.
RESUMO
Vitiligo is a common skin disorder that is caused by selective destruction of melanocytes, resulting in disfiguring loss of pigment. There are convincing evidences that cytokines and T cell mediated immunity may have a role in its pathogenesis. Given the fact that cytokine production is under genetic control, in this study, we have investigated IFN-gamma +874 T/A and TNF-alpha -308 G/A gene polymorphisms in a total of 176 vitiligo patients and 545 controls. IFN-gamma +874 T/A and TNF-alpha -308 G/A gene polymorphisms were genotyped via Allele Specific Oligonucleotide PCR (ASO-PCR) method. The results showed that the TNF-alpha -308 G/A polymorphism was more common in vitiligo patients than controls (P = 0.0004). This difference was only significant between female patients and controls (P < 0.0001), while there was no significant difference between male patients and male controls (P = 0.90). The distribution of IFN-gamma genotypes in vitiligo patients did not differ significantly from that in control subjects (P = 0.56). Since the presence of A nucleotide at position -308 of TNF-alpha gene is associated with increased cytokine production, therefore, the higher frequency of TNF-alpha -308 A allele in vitiligo patients compared to controls may be considered as a genetic susceptibility factor towards the development of vitiligo.
